Every one knows that America is far advanced in Agriculture. There is lot of difference between our climate and that of America. We are tropical country where as American Climate varies in different places. For instance Texas is very hot where as Chicago is very cold
Yet in the field of automation in agriculture has put America in number one position. The Government has set its policy for agriculture on four front. 1. Better Soil How to make the soil fertile and by using the natural Eco-friendly ingredients to increase the fertility and moisture in the sand- this is the area many Research institutions and the agricultural sector is concentration.
America has achieved remarkable progress in yield per acre in wheat and cotton. Recycle of Farm waste is another area where many innovations have been carried out. 2. Pure Water: Supplying pure water to Agriculture and increasing the yield by this means. 3. Higher Income: By applying automation in sowing, ploughing, picking etc Agriculturists are able to do the job themselves saving lot of labor, there by the cost of production comes down and profit increases.
To make the soil fertile they adopt-Conservation Tillage method. They leave the harvest wastes like straws in the field itself for ripening and then they plough the land only once with the straws. By this method the remnants mingle with the soil and supply natural fertilizer to the crops. More than 109 million acres of land are cultivated by this method. 40% of land is cultivated by this method.
To increase the fertility various researches are being undertaken. Research is also going on as How to increase the fertility at the beginning when the plants start from the fresh sprouting.
Water Management: The water from the fields is not let in to the river but allowed to settle at the corner of the field. By this the chemicals and other sediments settle down and the water gets purified so that the river is not contaminated.
By this the crop is protected and the eco balance is maintained.
America has afforded Agriculture sector as and industrial sector so that money is not the constraint for the development and big companies adopt the latest management techniques.
In our country the main food is wheat or rice but in America corn is the main product. There is lot of advantage in corn cultivation. The harvest period is very much less compared to wheat or rice.
Many products are made from corn- Milk Powder, Butter, cheese, cooking oil etc, syrup, starch etc.
Corn is also used alternate to petrol, drinks and plastics.
You require only 12% of seeds compared to rice or wheat.
A Farmer cultivates land of 145 hectares alone using latest equipments.
Another revolution in Agriculture is taking place in America- Genetically modified crops. By this research more than 125 million acres are adopting this and 100 companies are engaged in this field.
Agriculture is an industry in America and more than 21 million people are working.
- Food products
- Fruit processing, soft drinks.
- Whole sale and retailers.
- Super Market supply.
- Food Hygiene and eco friendly.
- Agricultural research.
Big Companies pay $ 90,000 per annum to Genetic Engineers.
By this new development another green revolution is expected in America. For instant: from different seeds of paddy you can take out the best of them and from that cell new cell is produced and you can introduce in the seed itself anti-insect virus to enable to get maximum yield.
By this method BT Cotton is now produced and if any insect attacks the insect will die.
We are also developing such types but we are slow in implementing due to various hurdles.
R.Jagannathan.
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